Te Herenga Whānui o te PFAS a te EU: He Wero Whakatutuki Nui mō ngā Kaihoko Haina

I te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2026, i tukuna e te Tari Matū Pākehā (ECHA) he raupapa panuitanga nui, me tana Komiti Aromatawai Mōrearea (RAC) me te Komiti mō te Tātaritanga Hapori-Ōhanga (SEAC) i whakaoti i ā rātou wānanga mō te tauira whakaaro mō te tono here whānui mō ngā matū ia- me te polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS). Ko tēnei tohu nui te whakaurunga mana o te ture here PFAS whānui a te EU ki tētahi wāhanga whanaketanga nui. Hei kaihanga me te kaweake nui o te ao o ngā hua e pā ana ki te PFAS, kei te aro atu ngā umanga kaweake Hainamana ki ngā wero nui o te ture. Ko te mārama tika ki ngā wā ture me te whakatinana i te whakamātautau me te whakahaere PFAS mekameka katoa kua noho hei kaupapa matua mō ngā umanga kia mau tonu ai tō rātou tūranga i te mākete o te EU.

He aha i riro ai a PFAS hei Whāinga Matua a te EU mō te Here Whānui

Ko te PFAS, he momo matū waro whai fluorine hangai, e whakamahia whānuitia ana puta noa i ngā ahumahi maha tae atu ki te hanga matū fluoro, te hikohiko, te paninga, te kakahu, te takai kai, me te tiaki ahi, nā ō rātou āhuatanga tino pai pērā i te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei, te ātete ki te wai, me te ātete ki te hinu. Heoi, nā tō rātou pumau taiao me te kohikohinga koiora kua waiho hei arotahi matua o te anga ture matū a te EU, mō ngā take matua e toru:

• Kāore e pirau i roto i te taiaoKāore ngā PFAS e pakaru noa, ā, ka taea te haere tawhiti mā te wai me te hau. Kia tukuna, ka ngāwari te whakapoke i te wai whenua me te wai inu mō te wā roa, ā, he tino uaua, he utu nui hoki ngā mahi whakaora.
• Te kohikohinga koiora kahaKa taea e ētahi PFAS te kohikohi tonu i roto i te tinana o te tangata, o te kararehe, me ngā tipu, ā, kāore e taea te whakakore wawe mā te pākia o te tinana.
• Ngā tūponotanga kino ki te hauora me te taiaoKua whakaūtia e ngā rangahau pūtaiao he pānga paitini tō ētahi PFAS ki te tinana tangata, ka pā mai pea te mate pukupuku, ka kino te hauora uri, ka whakararuraru hoki i te pūnaha endocrine. He tūmomo mōrearea huna hoki ēnei ki te kanorau koiora i roto i ngā pūnaha rauropi.

Te Papamuri Matua o te Tono Here PFAS a te EU me te Wehenga Mahi i waenganui i ngā Komiti Pūtaiao e Rua

I tuhia ngātahitia te tono here PFAS whānui a te EU e ngā mana whakahaere ā-motu o ngā whenua e rima: Tenemāka, Tiamana, Hōrana, Nōwei, me Huitene, ā, i tukuna mana ki te ECHA i te 13 o Hānuere 2023. Ko tana whāinga matua he whakaiti nui i ngā tukunga PFAS ki te taiao, me te whakarei ake i te haumaru o ngā hua me ngā tukanga whakaputa.

Hei te rōpū matua mō te ture matū o te EU, ka tukua e te ECHA te aromatawai ngaio o te tono ki ngā komiti pūtaiao matua e rua – RAC me SEAC – he tūranga motuhake, he tūranga nui hoki tā rāua:

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Ko ngā whakaaro aromatawai a ēnei komiti e rua hei pūtake pūtaiao matua mā te Komihana o Ūropi ki te whakatakoto i ngā ture here PFAS whaimana.

Ngā Wā Matua: Te Tukanga Ture mō te Herenga PFAS o te EU mō te tau 2026

He tau nui te tau 2026 mō te nekehanga o te tono here PFAS a te EU mai i te aromatawai pūtaiao ki te pōti ture. Me aro turuki tata ngā umanga Hainamana katoa e kaweake ana ki te EU i ngā wā e whai ake nei, me te whakatairanga i te mahi ture – mā te whakaroa i tētahi wāhanga ka ngaro pea te urunga ki te mākete o te EU mō ā rātou hua:

1. Maehe 2026 ki muaKa whakaputaina mana e te ECHA te tauira whakaaro a te SEAC me te whakatau whakamutunga a te RAC i te wā kotahi, ā, ka whai ake ko te Wā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a te marea mō ngā rā 60Ka taea e ngā kaipupuri pānga tae atu ki ngā umanga me ngā whakahaere ahumahi te tuku urupare me ngā tono whakawātea i tēnei wā.
2. Te mutunga o te tau 2026Ka whakamanahia e te SEAC tana whakaaro whakamutunga mō te tono here PFAS, me te whakauru i ngā mōhiohio hou me ngā raraunga i riro mai i te wā o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a te marea. Ka tohu tēnei i te otinga o ngā mahi aromatawai pūtaiao katoa a ngā komiti pūtaiao e rua a te ECHA.
3. I muri i te mutunga o te tau 2026Ka tukuna mana e te ECHA ngā whakaaro whakamutunga o ngā komiti e rua ki te Komihana o Ūropi.
4. Te wāhanga ture i muri maiMā te Komihana o Ūropi e tuhi ngā ture here PFAS whaimana i runga i ngā whakaaro aromatawai, ā, ka tukuna te tauira ki te Komiti REACH (he mea tito mai i ngā whenua mema o te EU) hei matapaki me te pōti. Ka whai mana ngā ture, ā, ka whakatinanahia ina whakaaetia.

Whakamaumaharatanga HirangaHe wāhi nui te wā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a te marea mō ngā rā 60, hei tiaki i ō rātou mana me ō rātou pānga tika. Ina koa, me whai reo kaha ngā ahumahi e pāngia ana e ngā arai hangarau me te korenga o ngā huarahi kē atu mō te PFAS i tēnei wā.

Ngā Taunakitanga Whakatutuki mō ngā Kaihokohoko Haina: Hopukia te Matapihi, Whakatairangahia te Whakatutukitanga me te Matatau

Kāore e kore ka whai mana ngā ture here PFAS a te EU. Ko te whakamahere matatau te rautaki matua mō ngā umanga Hainamana hei whakaiti i ngā utu tutuki i ngā whakaritenga me te karo i ngā mōrearea hokohoko. Hei whakatere i tēnei huringa ture, e tohutohuhia ana ngā umanga kia mahi wawe i ēnei mahi e whai ake nei:

• Whakahaerehia ngā arotake whaiaro ā-rotoWhiriwhiria mēnā kei te whakamahia te PFAS i roto i ngā hua umanga me ngā rauemi mata, ā, tautuhia mārama ngā hononga tono me ngā taumata ihirangi o te PFAS.
• Whakamātautau ngaio katoaTukuna ki ngā whare whakamātautau ngaio whai tohu te whakahaere i te whakamātautau PFAS mekameka katoa i te wā e taea ai kia whiwhi ai i ngā raraunga tutuki ture taketake.
• Whai wāhi ki ngā kōrerorero a te mareaMahi tahi me ngā rōpū ahumahi ki te tuku urupare kaha i roto i te wā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero a te marea mō ngā rā 60, me te whai kia whai wāhi motuhake ki ngā ahumahi mēnā e tika ana.
• Tīmatahia te R&D rerekēWhakatakotoria te rangahau, te whakawhanake me te whakamātautau i ngā rauemi me ngā tukanga rerekē o te PFAS i te wā tōmua kia kore ai e noho mangere ina whai mana ngā ture.
• Hangaia he pūnaha whakatutuki ture whānuiWhakatūria he tikanga whakahaere PFAS mekameka-katoa hei whakatutuki i te whakahaere hanganga ture paerewa puta noa i ngā kaiwhakarato, ngā tukanga whakaputa me te tirotiro kounga.

Ngā Whakaaro Whakamutunga

Ko te herenga whānui a te EU ki te PFAS he tohu nui mō te nekehanga ā-ao i roto i te ture matū ki whanaketanga matomato, haumaru, me te pumau, ā, ka nui ake hoki ngā tono mō ngā āheinga tutuki i ngā whakaritenga a ngā umanga kaweake Hainamana. Kei te noho tahi ngā wero me ngā whai wāhitanga: mā te whakaoti i te mana whakahaere PFAS me te whakapai ake i ngā hua i mua, ehara i te mea ka āwhina noa i ngā umanga ki te pupuri i ō rātou wāhi i te mākete EU, engari ka whakarei ake hoki i tō rātou whakataetae matua i te mākete o te ao. Mō ngā kaihanga me ngā kaihokohoko Hainamana, ko te urutau ki tēnei ia ture pakari ehara i te mea he whakaritenga tutuki noa iho, engari he kōwhiringa rautaki mō te whanaketanga roa i roto i te whenua matū me te hanga o te ao.

Tohutoro Pūtake Whaimana: https://echa.europa.eu/de/-/echa-s-socio-economic-analysis-committee-agrees-its-draft-opinion-on-pfas-restriction-proposal