Aratohu Whakatutukitanga o te EU PPWR PFAS me te Pūhaumāota Katoa mō te Tākai Kai (2026)

Ko te kaupapa hou a te Kotahitanga o Ūropi Te Ture mō te Tākai me te Para Tākai (EU) 2025/40 (PPWR) i whai mana mana i te 12 o Ākuhata 2026, te whakakapi i te Ture Whakatakotoranga 94/62/EC kua tawhito, me te whakatū i ngā ture pumau me te haumaru matū pakari ake, kotahi hoki mō ngā takai katoa e tukuna ana ki ngā mākete o te EU me Te Tai Tokerau o Airana. I tautokona e te tuhinga aratohu a te Komihana o Ūropi C/2026/3084 I tukuna i te 10 o Hune 2026, ka whakatakoto te ture i ngā herenga ā-ture mō ngā matū ia- me te polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) me te fluorine katoa (TF) i roto i ngā takai kai e pā ana, e tohu ana i tētahi whakapainga nui i roto i te haumaru kai a te EU me te whakahaere ōhanga porowhita.

Hei whakarite i te tutuki katoa o ngā whakaritenga a te mākete, me whakaoti e ngā whenua mema o te EU ā rātou whakaritenga whiu ā-motu, me te whakamōhio atu hoki 12 o Pēpuere 2027I te 17 o Hūrae 2026, i ārahi a Tiamana i te whakatinanatanga o tana ture ā-motu, arā, ko VerpackDG, e whakauru ana i ngā whiu whakahaere me ngā whiu taihara mō ngā takai kai kāore e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i ngā paepae tutuki matua, ngā kāwai hua mōrearea nui, ngā ture whakamātautau, ngā herenga ture taupatupatu me ngā whakaritenga whakamana rohe-ā-rohe mō PFAS me TF i raro i te anga PPWR hou.

1. Te whānuitanga o ngā herenga PFAS me TF mō ngā takai kai e pā ana

Ka pā ngā herenga PFAS me TF ki ngā rauemi tākai katoa e pā tika ana ki te kai, e tika ana rānei kia pā ki te kai i roto i ngā hūpāmakete hokohoko, ngā whare kai me ētahi atu āhuatanga arumoni. Ka hipokina e ngā ture ngā rauemi tākai katoa ahakoa te momo papa, e aro ana ki ngā mōrearea taiao me te hauora e pā ana ki ngā "matū pumau" kua whakakīia ki te fluorine i roto i ngā āhuatanga pā ki te kai o ia rā.

2. Ngā Herenga Kukū Mana o te PPWR PFAS me te TF

I runga anō i ngā aratohu ā-ture a te EU me ngā whakaritenga ture, ko ngā uara paepae whakamana mō ngā takai kai e pā ana ki te kai e whai ake nei, e wehewehe ana i te PFAS kore-pūmua me te fluorine katoa (tae atu ki te PFAS pūmua):

• PFAS takitahi kore-polymeric: mōrahi 25 ppb
• Te tapeke o ngā PFAS kore-pūmua katoa: mōrahi 250 ppb
• Te Pūhaumāota Katoa (TF, tae atu ki te PFAS pūmua): mōrahi 50 ppm

He mea nui, i whakaū te Komihana o Ūropi i roto i āna FAQ whaimana o Ākuhata 2026 kāore he rārangi matū PFAS taumata-EU e tukunaHeoi, kei ia whenua mema (hei tauira, ko Wīwī) te mana ki te tuku i ngā taonga PFAS kua herea ā-motu, ka hangaia he whakaritenga ture ā-rohe rerekē.

3. Ngā Takai Kai Whakapā-Tino Mōrearea me ngā Mōrearea Parahanga PFAS

Kua tautuhia e ngā whakamaharatanga ture o mua me ngā keehi ture ngā hua tākai mōrearea nui e ngāwari ana ki te nui rawa o ngā taumata PFAS, e hiahia ana kia tirohia e ngā kaihanga me ngā kaweake:

• Ngā kapu pepa tunu keke ka taea te whakamahi hei whakakore (i whakahokia mai i Belgium i te tau 2021 me Norway i te tau 2022)
• He ngongo inu pepa me te pepa tunu tunu kai
• Ngā pēke tākai paura pūmua (i uru ki ngā take whakataunga o te California Proposition 65 i te tau 2025–2026)
• Ko ngā takai katoa kua pania, kua rongoatia rānei ki ngā paparanga mahi ātete-wai, ātete-hinu, ātete-paru hoki

Me whakamātautau pakari ngā kāwai hua katoa o runga ake nei i te PFAS me te TF i mua i te whakanoho ki te mākete o te EU hei whakakore i ngā mōrearea kore-ture.

4. Ngā Ture Whakamātautau Whakatutukitanga: Te Whakaaetanga ki te Pūrongo TF/TOF me te Whakatutukitanga Taupatupatu Whakahau

E ai ki te tuhinga aratohu C/2026/3084, e whakaae ana te Komihana o Ūropi i tēnei wā Te Pūhaumāota Katoa (TF) rānei Te Pūhaumāota Waro Katoa (TOF) ngā pūrongo whakamātautau hei taunakitanga tika mō te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga PPWR, arā, ka taea e ngā umanga te whakaoti i te manatoko tutuki tuatahi mā te whakamātautau fluorine katoa me te kore e hiahiatia he kimi matū PFAS takitahi. Heoi anō, kāore tēnei whakawāteatanga e whakakore i ētahi atu herenga ture a te EU.

Me tutuki ngā takai kai e pā ana ki ngā pūnaha ture matua e whā o te EU i te wā kotahi, kia hanga ai he arai ture maha-paparanga:

• Ture REACH (EC) Nama 1907/2006 Tāpiritanga XVII: Ka whakawhāiti i ngā waikawa perfluorocarboxylic C9–C14 (PFCA), te waikawa perfluorohexanoic (PFHxA) me ō rātou tote me ngā mea i ahu mai
• Ture POPs (EU) 2019/1021 Tāpiritanga I Wāhanga AKa ārai, ka whakawhāiti hoki i te perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), te waikawa perfluorooctanoic (PFOA), te perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) me ngā mekameka roa C9–C21 PFCA
• Te Ture mō ngā Rauemi Whakapaa Kai Kirihou (EU) Nama 10/2011Me tutuki ngā takai kirihou me ngā paninga katoa ki te rārangi matū pai a te EU
• Ngā ture ā-motu mō ngā mema o te motuhei tauira, te whakatau whakahaere a Denmark Nama 681 o te tau 2020 e whakahaere ana i ngā rauemi e pā ana ki te pepa me te kātene

5. Ngā Tikanga Whakatinanatanga me ngā Whiu Tino Kaha (Tiamana hei Paerewa)

Kei te tere ake te hononga o ngā ture ā-rohe ki te PPWR e ngā whenua mema o te EU, ā, kua whakatūria e Tiamana te pūnaha whiu tino kaha rawa atu tae noa ki tēnei wā i raro i te Ture Tākai me ngā ture whiu matū:

Ngā Whiu Whakahaere

Ko ngā takai kai e kore e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga herenga PFAS me TF ka pāngia e te mate urutā. he whiu mōrahi o te 10,000 euros me te raupatu hua ā-ture.

Ngā Whiu Taihara

• Ko ngā takahi i ngā here ture a REACH me POPs ka whakarōpūtia hei hara taihara i raro i te Ture a Tiamana. ChemSanctionsV, ka whiua ki te 2 tau o te whare herehere, o ngā whiu rāneika nui ake ngā whiu mō ngā hara e whakararu ana i te ora me te hauora o te tangata.
• Ko te whakamahi i ngā matū kore whakamana i roto i ngā rauemi e pā ana ki te kai e takahi ana i te Ture (EU) Nama 10/2011 ka taea te whiu tae atu ki te 1 tau o te whare herehere, o ngā whiu rānei, me ngā whiu nui ake mō ngā whara kino, ngā hua moni turekore rānei.

6. Te Whanuitanga Ao o ngā Whakaritenga Whakatutukitanga PFAS/TF

Kua noho ngā paerewa EU PPWR PFAS me TF hei tohutoro ā-ao mō ngā ture haumaru mō ngā takai, ā, he maha ngā rohe e whakamahi ana i ngā ture e rite ana:

• Airana ki te Raki (UK)E tino whakatinana ana i ngā whakaritenga herenga PFAS me TF rite tonu ki te EU
• HuiterangiNgā ture whakahaere ōrite i whakaarohia i te 27 o Hānuere 2026, i whakaritea kia whakatinanahia ā-ture i te 31 o Tīhema 2027

Nā te huihuinga o te ao, me whakakotahi e ngā umanga tākai e aro ana ki te kaweake ngā paerewa tutuki PFAS mō ngā mākete Pākehā me ngā mākete whakawhiti-rohe kia kore ai e utua ngā utu whakamātautau me ngā utu tutuki.

7. Ngā Taunakitanga mō te Whakatutuki i ngā Ture a te Hinonga

I te aroaro o ngā ture PPWR kua whakatinanahia ā-ture me te whakatinanatanga o ngā whiu ā-motu puta noa i te EU, e tohutohuhia ana ngā umanga kia mahi i ngā mahi tutuki i ngā ture:

1. Whakahāngaihia te whakamātautau TF/TOF mō ngā takai kai katoa e tukuna ana ki te mākete o te EU kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga taketake mō te hanganga ture PPWR.
2. Whakahaerehia te kimi ā-whāiti i ngā matū PFAS kua herea e hipokina ana e ngā ture REACH me POPs hei karo i ngā takahi ture taupatupatu
3. Whakakapia ngā rauemi paninga fluorinated mōrearea nui, me te arotau i te hoahoa takai hei whakakore i ngā mōrearea poke PFAS ā-roto.
4. Aroturuki i ngā ture ā-motu kua whakahoutia o ngā whenua mema o te EU (ina koa ko te rarangi PFAS pea a Wīwī) kia tutuki ai te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga hihiri
5. Whakaotia te tātari tuhinga hangarau me te tuku Whakapuakitanga Whakarite (DoC) hei whakahaere i te tirotiro mākete me te tirotiro tikanga

Whakamutunga

Ko te PFAS PPWR 2026 me ngā here katoa mō te fluorine e tohu ana i te whakakaha nui o te ture haumaru mō ngā takai kai a te EU. Ina oti te whakatinanatanga ōkawa me te tere o te whakatinanatanga o ngā pūnaha whiu ā-motu, ka pāngia ngā hua kāore e tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ture e te ture, ka kore e whakaaetia. Me whakarērea e ngā umanga ngā rautaki tutuki i ngā whakaritenga ture, me whakatū he tikanga whakahaere PFAS mō ngā rauemi takai, me te urutau ki ngā ture taiao me te haumaru paerewa teitei a te EU kia mau tonu ai te urunga pumau ki te mākete i Uropi me ētahi atu rohe e rite ana.